2025-12-16 17:46:52 +08:00
---
title: Windows Cmd
date: 2025-06-30 18:28:43
background: bg-red-500
tags:
- command
categories:
- Programming
intro: |
This Windows Command Cheat Sheet is a non-exhaustive list of the main Windows commands you can use.
plugins:
- copyCode
---
## Getting Started
### Basic {.col-span-3}
| CMD | Description |
| :--------- | :---------------------------------------------------------- |
| `cls` | Clears the content of the screen. |
| `echo` | Displays messages or enables/disables command echoing. |
| `help` | Provides help information for Windows commands. |
| `exit` | Exits the CMD.EXE program (command interpreter). |
| `date` | Displays or sets the date. |
| `time` | Displays or sets the system time. |
| `ver` | Displays the Windows version. |
| `dir` | Displays a list of files and subdirectories in a directory. |
| `cd` | Displays the name of or changes the current directory. |
| `copy` | Copies one or more files to another location. |
| `move` | Moves files and renames files and directories. |
| `del` | Deletes one or more files. |
| `mkdir` | Creates a directory. |
| `rmdir` | Removes a directory. |
| `type` | Displays the contents of a text file. |
| `ren` | Renames a file or files. |
| `start` | Starts a separate window to run a specified program or cmd. |
| `shutdown` | Allows you to shut down or restart the computer. |
| `tasklist` | Displays all currently running tasks including services. |
| `taskkill` | Ends one or more tasks or processes. |
## Manage files:
### File {.col-span-3}
| CMD | Description |
| :--------- | :---------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `attrib` | Displays or changes file attributes. |
| `fc` | Compares two files and displays the differences between them. |
| `find` | Searches for a text string in a file or files. |
| `findstr` | Searches for strings in files. |
| `xcopy` | Copies files and directory trees. |
| `robocopy` | Robust File Copy for Windows, a more advanced version of `xcopy` . |
| `compact` | Displays or alters the compression of files on NTFS partitions. |
| `expand` | Expands one or more compressed files. |
| `replace` | Replaces files. |
| `tree` | Graphically displays the folder structure of a drive or path. |
| `sort` | Sorts input. |
| `more` | Displays output one screen at a time. |
| `print` | Prints a text file. |
| `cipher` | Displays or alters the encryption of dir [files] on NTFS parts. |
| `diskcomp` | Compares the contents of two floppy disks. |
| `diskcopy` | Copies the contents of one floppy disk to another. |
| `format` | Formats a disk for use with Windows. |
| `chkdsk` | Checks a disk and displays a status report. |
| `label` | Creates, changes, or deletes the volume label of a disk. |
| `recover` | Recovers readable information from a bad or defective disk. |
## System & Network
### System {.col-span-3}
| CMD | Description |
| :------------ | :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `systeminfo` | Displays detailed configuration information about a computer and its operating system. |
| `driverquery` | Displays current device driver status and properties. |
| `msinfo32` | Starts the System Information tool. |
| `reg` | Registry Console Tool, used to manage the Windows Registry. |
| `sc` | Displays or configures services (background processes). |
| `taskmgr` | Starts the Task Manager. |
| `wmic` | Windows Management Instrumentation, used for managing Windows systems. |
| `sfc` | System File Checker, scans and verifies the versions of all protected system files. |
| `gpupdate` | Refreshes local and Active Directory-based Group Policy settings. |
| `gpresult` | Displays Group Policy settings and Resultant Set of Policy (RSoP) for a user or computer. |
| `powercfg` | Configures power settings. |
| `dxdiag` | Starts the DirectX Diagnostic Tool. |
| `perfmon` | Starts the Performance Monitor. |
| `rsop` | Resultant Set of Policy, used to view Group Policy settings. |
| `sigverif` | Starts the File Signature Verification tool. |
| `sysedit` | Starts the System Configuration Editor. |
| `syskey` | Secures the Windows XP account database. |
| `chgport` | Displays or changes Com port mappings. |
| `chgusr` | Changes the installed user mode. |
### Network {.col-span-3}
| CMD | Description |
| :--------------- | :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `ipconfig` | Displays all current TCP/IP network configuration values. |
| `ping` | Tests network connectivity to a specified host. |
| `tracert` | Traces the route taken by packets to a specified destination. |
| `netstat` | Displays active TCP connections, ports on which the computer is listening. |
| `nslookup` | Displays information that you can use to diagnose Domain Name System (DNS) infrastructure. |
| `net` | Manages network resources, services, and user accounts. |
| `netsh` | Network Shell, used to configure and monitor network devices. |
| `arp` | Displays and modifies the IP-to-Physical address translation tables used by the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP). |
| `route` | Displays and modifies the entries in the local IP routing table. |
| `ftp` | Starts the File Transfer Protocol (FTP) client. |
| `telnet` | Starts the Telnet client. |
| `nbtstat` | Displays protocol statistics and current TCP/IP connections using NBT (NetBIOS over TCP/IP). |
| `net use` | Connects to, disconnects from, and displays information about network connections. |
| `net session` | Manages server computer connections. |
| `net start` | Starts a network service. |
| `net stop` | Stops a network service. |
| `net view` | Displays a list of resources being shared on a specified computer. |
| `net user` | Manages user accounts. |
| `net localgroup` | Manages local groups. |
| `net share` | Manages shared resources. |
| `net statistics` | Displays network statistics. |
## Miscellaneous
### Process Management {.col-span-1}
| CMD | Description |
| :------------- | :----------------------------------------------------------- |
| `wmic process` | Manages processes using Windows Management Instrumentation . |
| `timeout` | Waits for specified number of seconds / until a key pressed. |
### Disk Management {.col-span-1}
| CMD Command | Description |
| :---------- | :--------------------------------- |
| `diskpart` | Manages disk partitions. |
| `defrag` | Defragments a disk. |
| `convert` | Converts a FAT volume to NTFS. |
| `diskperf` | Manages disk performance counters. |
### System Configuration {.col-span-1}
| CMD Command | Description |
| :---------- | :------------------------------------------------------ |
| `bcdedit` | Manages the Boot Configuration Data (BCD) store. |
| `bootcfg` | Configures, queries, or changes Boot.ini file settings. |
| `msconfig` | Starts the System Configuration utility. |
| `regedit` | Starts the Registry Editor. |
## Tips & Tricks
### Miscellaneous Tips & Tricks {.col-span-3}
| Tip or Trick | Description |
| :-------------------------------------------------------------- | :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `wmic path SoftwareLicensingService get OA3xOriginalProductKey` | Get your Windows Product key |
| `cmd /k` | Opens the command prompt and executes a specified command, keeping the window open. |
| `cmd /c` | Opens the command prompt, executes a specified command, and then closes the window. |
| `&&` | Allows you to run multiple commands in sequence. For example, `command1 && command2` . |
| `\|\|` | Allows you to run a second command only if the first command fails. For example, `command1 \|\| command2` . |
| `>` | Redirects the output of a command to a file, overwriting the file if it already exists. For example, `command > output.txt` . |
| `>>` | Redirects the output of a command to a file, appending the output if the file already exists. For example, `command >> output.txt` . |
| `\|` | Pipes the output of one command to another command. For example, `command1 \| command2` . |
| `clip` | Redirects the output of a command to the Windows clipboard. For example, `dir \| clip` . |
| `for %i in (*.txt) do echo %i` | Loops through all `.txt` files in the current directory and echoes their names. |
| `pushd` and `popd` | `pushd` saves the current directory and then changes to a new directory. `popd` returns to the saved directory. |
| `set` | Displays, sets, or removes environment variables. For example, `set PATH=C:\newpath` . |
| `start "" "C:\Path\To\Program\program.exe"` | Starts a program without waiting for it to finish. |
| `taskkill /IM "process.exe" /F` | Forcefully kills a process by its image name. |
| `wmic product get name` | Lists all installed software on the system. |
| `wmic logicaldisk get size,freespace,caption` | Displays the size, free space, and caption of all logical disks. |
| `systeminfo` `\|` `findstr /B /C:"OS Name" /C:"OS Version"` | Displays the OS name and version. |
| `schtasks /query /fo LIST /v` | Lists all scheduled tasks in detail. |
| `netsh wlan show profiles` | Displays a list of all saved Wi-Fi profiles. |
| `netsh wlan show profiles name="ProfileName" key=clear` | Displays the password for a specific Wi-Fi profile. |
| `assoc` | Displays or modifies file extension associations. |
| `ftype` | Displays or modifies file types used in file extension associations. |
| `driverquery /v` | Lists all installed drivers with detailed information. |
| `powercfg /energy` | Generates a detailed energy report for the system. |
| `powercfg /batteryreport` | Generates a battery life report for laptops. |
| `robocopy C:\Source D:\Destination /MIR` | Mirrors a directory from one location to another, including subdirectories and files. |
| `mklink /D "C:\Path\To\Link" "C:\Path\To\Target"` | Creates a symbolic link to a directory. |
| `mklink /H "C:\Path\To\Link" "C:\Path\To\Target"` | Creates a hard link to a file. |
| `mklink /J "C:\Path\To\Link" "C:\Path\To\Target"` | Creates a directory junction. |
| `diskpart /s script.txt` | Runs a DiskPart script to automate disk partitioning tasks. |
| `shutdown /a` | Aborts a system shutdown. |
| `chkdsk /f /r` | Checks a disk and fixes errors, also recovers readable information from bad sectors. |
| `sfc /scannow` | Scans and repairs protected system files. |
| `DISM /Online /Cleanup-Image /RestoreHealth` | Repairs the Windows image using DISM. |
| `bcdboot C:\Windows` | Repairs the boot environment by copying boot files from the Windows directory. |
| `bootrec /fixmbr` | Repairs the Master Boot Record (MBR). |
| `bootrec /fixboot` | Writes a new boot sector to the system partition. |
| `bootrec /scanos` | Scans for installations compatible with Windows and displays the entries that are currently not in the Boot Configuration Data store. |
| `bootrec /rebuildbcd` | Scans for installations compatible with Windows and allows you to select the installations you want to add to the Boot Configuration Data store. |
## Other
- Also see : [Windows Official Documentation ](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/windows-commands )
