largest divisible subset (#9825)

* largest divisible subset

* minor tweaks

* adding more test cases

Co-authored-by: Christian Clauss <cclauss@me.com>

* improving code for better readability

Co-authored-by: Christian Clauss <cclauss@me.com>

* update

Co-authored-by: Christian Clauss <cclauss@me.com>

* update

Co-authored-by: Christian Clauss <cclauss@me.com>

* [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks

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* suggested changes done, and further modfications

* final update

* [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks

for more information, see https://pre-commit.ci

* Update largest_divisible_subset.py

* [pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks

for more information, see https://pre-commit.ci

* Update largest_divisible_subset.py

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Co-authored-by: Christian Clauss <cclauss@me.com>
Co-authored-by: pre-commit-ci[bot] <66853113+pre-commit-ci[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>