[SPARK-55841][BUILD] Upgrade jackson to 2.21.1

### What changes were proposed in this pull request?

This PR aims to upgrade `jackson` to 2.21.1.

### Why are the changes needed?

- https://github.com/FasterXML/jackson/wiki/Jackson-Release-2.21.1 (2026-02-22)
  - https://github.com/FasterXML/jackson-databind/pull/5674
  - https://github.com/FasterXML/jackson-databind/issues/5616
  - https://github.com/FasterXML/jackson-dataformats-text/pull/610
    - https://bitbucket.org/snakeyaml/snakeyaml/issues/1110/exception-during-parse-of-tab-idented-json

### Does this PR introduce _any_ user-facing change?

No.

### How was this patch tested?

Pass the CIs.

### Was this patch authored or co-authored using generative AI tooling?

Generated-by: `Gemini 3.1 Pro (High)` on `Antigravity`.

Closes #54626 from dongjoon-hyun/SPARK-55841.

Authored-by: Dongjoon Hyun <dongjoon@apache.org>
Signed-off-by: Dongjoon Hyun <dongjoon@apache.org>