Refactor device session management to enhance security and improve session ID handling (#8202)

#### What type of PR is this?

/kind improvement
/area core
/milestone 2.22.x

#### What this PR does / why we need it:

This PR refactors device session management to enhance security and imporve session ID handling to enhance performance.

#### Which issue(s) this PR fixes:

Fixes https://github.com/halo-dev/halo/issues/8200

#### Special notes for your reviewer:

1. Try to request index page twice
2. See if there has the debug log like `updating device info` and how many times it appears.

#### Does this PR introduce a user-facing change?

```release-note
减少登录设备更新频次
```