bpo-35423: Stop using the "pending calls" machinery for signals. (gh-10972)

This change separates the signal handling trigger in the eval loop from the "pending calls" machinery. There is no semantic change and the difference in performance is insignificant.

The change makes both components less confusing. It also eliminates the risk of changes to the pending calls affecting signal handling. This is particularly relevant for some upcoming pending calls changes I have in the works.